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Hair is produced through old cells being packed together at specific sites within the skin, known as “follicles”. Attached to the follicle is a tiny bundle of muscle fibre. Where the follicle and muscle fibre join, the action of stem cells serves to maintain hair production.

Hair growth occurs in cycles, each comprising three main phases:

Anagen Phase this is the active growth phase when cells in the root of the hair divide rapidly, adding about 1cm to the hair shaft every 28 days. Scalp hair follicles remain in this phase for around 2-7 years, with the exact period largely down to one’s genes. Normally, up to 90% of your hairs are in the Anagen Phase at any given time.

Catagen Phase coming at the end of the Anagen Phase, this transition stage lasts 2-3 weeks for scalp hairs and signals the end of the hair’s active growth. Between 10 and 14% of your hair follicles are normally in the Catagen Phase.

Telogen Phase this is the resting phase, lasting 2-3 months, and applying to 1-2% of one’s scalp-hair follicles at any given time. At its end, a club hair – one that is dead and fully keratinised – is produced. Fifty to 100 club hairs are shed daily from a normal scalp.

Chemical signals determine the exact length and nature of hair-growth cycles. Prior to the Anagen Phase, there is also a period during which the follicle is formed. Finally, there’s an Exogen Phase, during which one of several hairs arising from a single follicle is shed.

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